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1. The Commission for Scientific and Technical Terminology (CSTT) has launched a new website, ‘shabd.education.gov.in’, to centralize technical terms across all 22 official Indian languages. The platform hosts 322 glossaries with 2.2 million searchable terms and plans to expand to 450 glossaries. Users can search terms by language, subject, or dictionary type and provide feedback. This initiative supports the broader goal of delivering technical education in Indian languages across fields like medicine and engineering. CSTT, established in 1961, regularly publishes scientific literature and is part of a broader effort involving AICTE, PMRF, IMPRINT, STRIDE, and STARS to enhance technical education and research in India.
2. NASA has confirmed that Saturn’s rings will briefly disappear in March 2025 as they align edge-on with Earth, making them nearly invisible. This optical phenomenon, occurring every 13 to 15 years, last happened in 2009. Saturn's rings, spanning about 282,000 kilometers in width but only 10 to 30 meters thick, reflect minimal light when viewed edge-on. The planet, the sixth from the Sun and second-largest in the solar system, has a complex ring system made of ice and rock, and the most moons (146) of any planet. NASA estimates that Saturn’s rings will vanish in about 300 million years due to "ring rain," which rapidly drains water from the rings.
3. The World Bank has upgraded India's growth forecast for FY25 to 7% from 6.6%, aligning with the IMF and ADB predictions. The RBI also anticipates a 7.2% GDP growth for the same period. The World Bank cites expected increases in private investment and consumption recovery but identifies unemployment, particularly among urban youth and females, as a significant challenge. While urban female unemployment has improved to 8.5% early in FY 24-25, urban youth unemployment remains high at 17%.
4. The 22nd edition of the India-France bilateral naval exercise VARUNA was recently held in the Mediterranean Sea. The Indian Navy's participation included INS Tabar, a stealth frigate, along with a ship-borne helicopter and LRMR Aircraft P8I. The French Navy contributed FS Provence, the submarine Suffren, aircraft F20, Atlantique2, fighters MB339, and NH90 Dauphin helicopters. The exercises covered advanced naval operations, including tactical maneuvers, anti-submarine warfare, flight and air defense exercises, live weapon firings, and PHOTO-EX (Photographic Exercise). In addition to VARUNA, India engages in various other joint military exercises globally, such as Desert Knight-21 and Garuda with France, Austra Hindbah with Australia, Sampriti with Bangladesh, and several others with countries like China, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, and the USA.
5. September is recognized as Ovarian Cancer Awareness Month by the American Association for Cancer Research. Ovarian cancer forms in the ovaries and is a leading cancer among women in India, contributing to 6.6% of all women’s cancers. In 2022, India saw 47,333 new cases and 32,978 deaths. Symptoms like bloating, pelvic pain, and frequent urination often lead to delayed diagnosis. The disease is categorized into Type I (less common, better prognosis) and Type II (more aggressive, often diagnosed late). Effective screening tests are lacking, with the CA125 test useful but not for routine screening. Genetic factors, such as BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations, significantly increase risk. Risk reduction includes genetic counseling, a healthy diet, exercise, and regular gynecological check-ups.